Breathing and pulse
- How to check the status of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems? What indicators can be considered normal? And finally, how do you know whether I benefit physical education?
In the human body is a constant metabolism, thus disposed of proteins, fats, carbohydrates. Their oxidation requires oxygen delivery. The need for it especially increases during muscular work. Oxygen enters the body through the lungs, the alveoli in the lungs it enters the blood and it spreads to the tissues. In the opposite direction from the tissues in the blood to carbon dioxide, which eventually released light in the process of respiration. There are internal and external breathing. External respiration is the process of gas exchange in the area light – blood and internal (ie, tissue respiration) – this enzymatic oxidative processes that take place in all cells through the blood brought by them through the capillaries.
When self-control can be easily identified such indicators of external respiration as respiration rate, respiratory muscle strength and lung vital capacity.
Respiration rate is very individual. This figure largely depends on age, health, fitness level, the value of physical activity. The number of breaths in an adult usually is 14-18 per minute. In physical education and sport respiration rate at rest decreased. Thus, in athletes, it usually ranges from 10-16 per minute. If physical activity increases the breathing frequency is greater than the higher its capacity, and can reach 60 or more per minute. To calculate the rate of respiration is necessary to put his hand so that it captures the lower part of the chest and upper abdomen. The calculation must breathe evenly.
Lung vital capacity (VC) – an indicator reflecting the functionality of the respiratory system, to determine the VC should be made as a deep breath, then exhale as deeply. When self-control VC easy to determine with the help of spirometer, and the water spirometers provide the most accurate results.
Before the study to check the water level in the spirometer, and if there is a need, then refill the water tank in the device so that its level was at the zero line. Arrow spirometer also reach zero. Spirometer mouthpiece cleaned with alcohol. VC is measured in a standing position. After maximal inspiration should hold his nose, lips encircle the mouthpiece and make even the most deep breath in the spirometer, while trying to keep straight, not hunched over. Runs 2-3 of repetition and recorded the highest result. Accuracy within 100 cm3.
And how to evaluate the received (ie, actual) value of VC? It is necessary to compare it with the proper size for your VC. Calculate it can be the formulas proposed by us, in which the VC is expressed in milliliters, height in centimeters and weight in kilograms. In the table (the equation for calculating JELE) provides equations for determining the proper value of VC (JELE) as according to one parameter – the growth or weight, and according to several parameters (better to use formulas that take into account the data of height and weight or height, weight and age).